AD: Shocked! The peak value of plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 began to decline 41 years before the deposition of brain Aβ! Alzheimer's diseases: New discovery on plasma Aβ42/Aβ40. AD: Shocked! The peak value of plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 began to decline 41 years before the deposition of brain Aβ! Amyloid β (Aβ) plaque deposition and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) protein tangles are two important pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and there are many kinds of AD biomarkers derived around them, Knowledge of the longitudinal trajectories of key markers could not only help improve the selection and monitoring of participants in clinical trials, but also help identify those at high risk for neurodegenerative changes and cognitive impairment. Although research on AD biomarkers has increased substantially in recent years, research on longitudinal changes in biomarkers is relatively limited. Studies have shown that the levels of plasma Aβ 42 /Aβ 40 , p-tau181 and glial fibrillary acidic...
Understanding Parkinson's disease
What is Parkinson's disease?
Parkinson's disease has become the "third killer" that seriously threatens the physical and mental health of the middle-aged and elderly people in many counttries after cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and tumors.
Current treatment methods include medication, surgery, and rehabilitation. Despite various treatment methods, many patients are still affected by symptoms of Parkinson's disease such as tremor, stiffness, retardation, anxiety, depression, pain, and constipation.
April 11 is "World Parkinson's Disease Day". This year is the 25th World Parkinson's Disease Day. In order to reduce the harm of Parkinson's disease, let us get to know Parkinson's disease and let more patients understand Parkinson's disease. .
What is Parkinson's disease?
Professor Miao Jianting said: Parkinson’s disease (PD), also known as tremor paralysis, is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. Patients over the age of 50 account for more than 90% of the total number of patients, with chronic progressive progression. ~ About half of patients need help after 8 years. The etiology and pathogenesis of PD are not yet clear. It is generally believed to be related to comprehensive factors such as aging, exposure to environmental toxins, and genetic susceptibility.
What are the symptoms of Parkinson's?
Parkinson's disease is insidious. The early symptoms are not very obvious, and there are individual differences. The first symptoms are static tremor (70.5%), rigidity or slow movement (19.7%), clumsy movement and/or writing disorder (12.6%), gait disorder (11.5%), myalgia cramps and pain (8.2%), depression and anxiety (4.4%), language disorder (3.8%), general weakness and muscle weakness (2.7%). Generally speaking, the average time from onset to diagnosis is 2.5 years.
Common motor symptoms are summarized in three words-"trembling, stiff, slow". Shaking refers to the involuntary shaking of hands, arms, calves, face and jaw. Popularly speaking, it means shaking hands, feet, and mouth. This shaking is obvious when it is still, it is aggravated when it is tense, but it is reduced when it is moving. Stiffness refers to muscles becoming tight, facial expressions reduced, limbs moving, feeling stiff, heavy, and inflexible, unable to stand up after sitting down, and unable to turn over on their own when lying in bed. Slow refers to slow movements. In daily life, the movements of brushing teeth and washing face, putting on clothes and taking off shoes, tying shoes and buttons become slower. The more you write, the smaller you write, the less you can walk, the smaller the steps and the faster you go. Non-motor symptoms include hyposmia, fatigue, anxiety and depression, insomnia, constipation, salivation, mental symptoms, abnormal sweating, dementia, etc., which seriously affect the quality of life of patients.
Face Parkinson right
Professor Miao Jianting said: Parkinson's disease should emphasize comprehensive treatment, including drugs, physical therapy, rehabilitation and daily life adjustments and surgical operations, and should not emphasize single treatment methods.
Drug treatment should be individualized according to the condition, and anti-Parkinson's disease drugs should be selected. The dosage should be the smallest dose that produces a satisfactory effect, and the dose should be increased slowly according to the condition if necessary.
There are two main surgical methods, nuclear destruction surgery and deep brain stimulation, which can improve the patient's symptoms to a certain extent. At the same time, we should pay attention to our daily habits and lifestyles, and perform appropriate rehabilitation exercises to reduce complications
Attention should be paid to diversity in diet, including cereals, vegetables and fruits, milk or beans, etc. Eat more cereals, vegetables and fruits, usually 300 to 500 grams of cereals, 300 grams of vegetables and 1-2 medium per day The size of the fruit.
Drink 6 to 8 glasses of water a day to prevent the occurrence of constipation and relieve the symptoms of dry mouth, thirst, and dry eyes caused by use. Eat milk and beans regularly. For elderly Parkinson's disease patients who are prone to fractures and osteoporosis, a glass of milk or yogurt a day is an excellent way to supplement calcium.
However, the protein content in milk may have a certain effect on the efficacy of levodopa drugs. In order to avoid affecting the efficacy of medication during the day, it is recommended to arrange milk before going to bed at night. Pay attention to the interval between meals and medications. Levodopa is usually taken on an empty stomach so that the medicine can be better absorbed. Eat limited amounts of meat, try not to eat fat, meat oil and animal offal.
So far, the existing medical technology cannot cure Parkinson's disease, so the treatment of patients needs to reduce pain, delay the development of the disease, improve the quality of life of patients, and give Parkinson's patients a happy future!